![]() Takahashi Y, Hamada J, Murakawa K, Takada M, Tada M, Nogami I et al. Homeobox genes: a molecular link between development and cancer. Nunes FD, de Almeida FC, Tucci R, de Sousa SC. Nova Guanabara: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2009. Biostatistics-Theoretical and Computational. Repeatability and interobserver error of digit ratio (2D:4D) measurements made by experts. A systematic review and meta-analysis of tobacco use and prostate cancer mortality and incidence in prospective cohort studies. Islami F, Moreira DM, Boffetta P, Freedland SJ. Lifestyle and anthropometric risk factors for prostate cancer in a cohort of Iowa men. Putnam SD, Cerhan JR, Parker AS, Bianchi GD, Wallace RB, Cantor KP et al. National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014.ĭamber JE, Aus G. Estimate 2014: Incidence of Cancer in Brazil. Endogenous sex hormones and prostate cancer: a collaborative analysis of 18 prospective studies. Pregnancy hormone concentrations across ethnic groups: implications for later cancer risk. Potischman N, Troisi R, Thadhani R, Hoover RN, Dodd K, Davis WW et al. Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and prostate cancer risk in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Muller DC, Giles GG, Manning JT, Hopper JL, English DR, Severi G. Higher second fourth digit ratio predicts higher incidence of prostate cancer in prostate biopsy. García-Cruz E, Piqueras M, Huguet J, Ribal MJ, Vilaseca A, Gosálbez D et al. Right hand digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with prostate cancer: findings of an admixed population study. Second to fourth digit ratio: its relationship with core cancer volume and Gleason score in prostate biopsy. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2013 16: 107–110. Second to fourth digit ratio and prostate cancer severity. Waters M, Rebholz CM, Wood B, Kuske A, McIntyre M, Sartor O. Am J Hum Biol 2011 23: 423–425.Īshraf M, Mohan T, Fernandes E. Right hand digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with oral cancer. Digit ratio is associated with colorectal cancer. Hopp RN, Lima NCDS, Filho MS, Filho JLF, Jorge J. Digit ratio (2D:4D) in Chinese women with breast cancer. Hong L, Zhan-Bing M, Zhi-Yun S, Xiao-Xia S, Jun-Li Z, Zheng-Hao H. Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), breast cancer risk factors, and breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Muller DC, Baglietto L, Manning JT, McLean C, Hopper JL, English DR et al. The ratio of 2 nd to 4 th digit length and age at presentation of breast cancer: a link with prenatal oestrogen. Hand pattern indicates prostate cancer risk. Rahman AA, Lophatananon A, Stewart-Brown S, Harriss D, Anderson J, Parker T et al. Second to fourth digit ratio: a predictor of prostate-specific antigen level and the presence of prostate cancer. Digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with gastric cancer. Nicolás Hopp R, de Souza Lima NC, Filho JLF, Filho MS, Lima CS, Jorge J. Developmental basis of sexually dimorphic digit ratios. The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: a predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen. Manning JT, Scutt D, Wilson J, Lewis-Jones DI. On the other hand, 2D:4D does not appear to be associated with the severity of prostate cancer. Conclusions:ĢD:4D seems to be a marker for screening patients for prostate cancer in an admixed population, as males with prostate cancer present lower 2D:4D than healthy subjects. In addition, digit ratios were not correlated to Gleason score for either hand or in DR−L. The PCA group presented significantly lower right and left 2D:4D ( P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively) in comparison to healthy controls, but DR−L were not significantly different between groups ( P=0.589). Data were analyzed by the Student’s t-test for unpaired samples, Mann–Whitney test and Spearman’s correlation with a significance level of 5%. Methods:ĭigital measurements of the lengths of the index and ring fingers of both hands of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCA group, n=100) and healthy control individuals ( n=100) were obtained using a digital vernier caliper. Also, to inquire the relationship between 2D:4D and severity of prostate cancer through Gleason scores. To investigate the possible correlation between right hand, left hand and right hand minus left hand (DR−L) 2D:4D and prostate cancer of Brazilian subjects by comparing 2D:4D ratios of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer and individuals without the disease. Digit ratio (2D:4D) has been suggested as a proxy biomarker for prenatal androgen activity and has been linked to prostate cancer, as the genes that regulate the formation and differentiation of the fingers are also related to the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |